Process of lining working barrels and pipes.



No. 816,890. PATENTED APR. 3, 1906. N. C. STONER. PROCESS 0F LINING WORKING BARRELS AND PIPES.

A@PPLIGATION FILED Nov. 2a. 1905.

da zum: (224. M6. d?

IINIVIEU td'llhhrll@ PATENT IIIVIHi NATHAN c. sienne, or sis'iiiasviLLn, wiisr viaeiiiiii.

PHESSYVF `L|ll`illlNG-WRMiNGi BARREL-S MND plFE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented yApril 3, 1966.

1 Application nea November 23,1905. serai in.v 289,510.

T0 MZ whom it. may concern:

Be it known that I, NATHAN C. STONER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Sistersville, in the lcounty of Tyler and State of West Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Lining Working Barrels and Pipes, of' which the Yfollowing is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawinw.

t'Ihis invention relates to a certain new and useful process of liningworking barrels, pipes, valves, or the like; and the invention has for its primary object ilo-provide a process of lining working bvarrel's'wliich can vbe expeditiously performed insure alrperfectl lining of a working barrell or thelile article.

To this end my process involves a plurality ol steps, each ofwhich is essential in properly lining a barrel. In this connection I line the working barrels or pipes with a strong and durable metal having a high tensile strength, Y

such as brass; but in lieuof brass a non-corrosive material maybeused. I am aware that working barrels and the like have been provided with vitreous linings, also with metallic linings; but mechanical means, such as collars and sleeves, have been employed to retain dhe linings within a working barrel. It is essential in lining a working barrel that said lining be practically air and water tight relative to the working barrel to prevent the lining from disintegrating by the chemical action which takes place between the lining and the different liquids or fluids in which it may be submerged. The use of working barrels in oil-wells, also the use of pipes within coal mines, is a fair example of the manner in which working barrels and pipes are affected by the liquids or iuids in which they are submerged. For instance, in the submerged pipes ofcoal-mines employed for pumping water from the mines it is a well-knownvfact that the submerged pipes are affected and disintegrated by the suli'ur ingredients of the water within the mine. Consequently it is only a matter of time until the submerged pipe is rendered useless. This is also true of valves located upon pipe-lines leading from coal-mines, the sulfur ingredients of the water passing through the .valves eventually rendering the valve-seats within the valves useless. Y Y L, In my process of securing a lining within a In order that the various steps of my im-` proved process may be fully understood, I have illustrated in the accompanying drawing a form of apparatus or machine which I preferably employ, although I do not care to confine myself to the specific construction oriV the apparatus in carrying out the various steps of my improved recess, it being obvious that other means t ian those illustrated can be readily employed for accomplishing the desired result.

In the accompanying drawing I have illustrated the apparatus by a side elevation, partly in section, and in describing my improved process the detail construction of the apparatus will beiirst considered and then the steps involved in lining the working barrel or pipe. i

head or mandrel 1, which. also serves functionally as a burner. rIhe supporting-head comprises a cylindrical casing 2, having a countersunk central portion 3, which rovides an annular groove 4. Centrally o the countersunk portion is formed va truste-cone* shaped guide 5, having a vertically-disposed opening 6 formed therein, which communicates with a hollow standard 7, formed centrally of the cylindrical casing 2. The hollow standard serves to sup ort a countersunlt portion 3 of the cylindrica casing' 2, and the bottom of the casing 2 adjacent to the standard 7 is formed with an inlet-port 8. Secured in the inlet-port 8 is a water-inlet pipe 9, carrying a re ulating-valve 10 of a conven tional form. he ipe 9 is provided `with a drain-pipe 11, whic is controlled by a conventional form of valve 12.

The top of the cylindrical casing 2 surrounding the annular groove 4 is provided with circumferentially arranged apertures 14, and these apertures, in connection with the cylindricalv casing 2, serve as a burner, the casing 2 being provided with a gas-inlet pipe 15, carrying a regulating-valve 16 and a mixer 17.

Thecasing 2, together with its appurte- The apparatus consists of a supportingi IOO nant parts, may be suitably supported, and at a predetermined height above the casing 2 I provide a meltingpot 18. The meltingpot is supported by a bracket 19, pivotally mounted upon a standard or wall 2O of the compartment in which the apparatus is used. The melting-pot consists of a receptacle 21, which is heated by a conventional form of burner 22, said burner communicating with a suitable gas-supply pipe 23, regulated by a valve 24. The receptacle 21 is provided with an angularly-disposed spout or pipe 25, having a conventional form of regulatingvalve 26, which is adapted to control the outlet of said receptacle.

Suitably supported above the melting-pot 18 is a water-plpe 27, the lower end of which is threaded, as at 28, in a head 29.

The different elements of my apparatus which I have just described embody the preferable form, and the various steps involved in lining a working barrel or pipe in connection with the apparatus will 'now be described.

The iirst step consists in properly positioning a working barrel 0r pipe 30 and a liner or lining-tube 31 upon the supportin head or mandrel 1. The linen as it will e hereinafter termed, is first placed over the rustocone-shaped guide 5, the liner beingsupported in a vertical position within the annular groove 4 of the casing 2( The working barrel 30 is now placed over the liner, said working barrel resting in the annulary groove 4 similar to the liner 31, but snugly i'itting the vertical outer walls of the groove 4. The working barrel 30 is of a greater diameter than the liner 31, whereby a space'will exist between the liner and the working barrel. The plug or head 29 is now placed in the upper end of the liner 31, thereby closing both ends of the liner. y

The next ste consists of placing a quantity of lead wit `n the receptacle 21 and igigniting the gas of the burner 22, the valve 26 being closed to prevent the lead after it has reached a molten state from flowing through the spout or pipe 25. The valve 16 is now opened to admit as to the casing 2, and the gas is ignited at t e apertures 14. The gaslames travel upwardly over the eriphery of the working barrel, gradually eating the same. The valve 10 of the watersupply pipe 9 is now o ened to ermit of the water passing u war y throug the hollow standard 7 an the guide 5 into the liner 31, it of course being understood that the valve 12 of the .drain-p1 e 11 has been closed. As thel water fills t e liner 31 it passes oii;1 through the outlet-pipe 27 thus providing a continuous circulation of the water within the liner 31, which tends to cool the saine.

The next and most important step of m improved process consists of pc uring the mo ten lead contained within the melting-pot 18 in the annular space whichexists between the liner 31 and the working barrel 30. This is accomplished by shifting the melting-pot to a position adjacent to the working barrel, whereby the end of the spout or pipe 25 will be directly above the space between the liner 31 and the working barrel 30. The valve 26 of the spout or pipe is opened to permit of the space between the liner and the working barrel being iilled with molten lead, at which time the valves 26 and 16 are closed and the working barrel permitted to cool. The water-supply passing through the ipe 9 is then closed and the valve 12 Opene to drain the water contained within the liner 31. The head 29 is then removed from the liner 31 and the workingbarrel in its entirety removed from the supporting head or mandrel 1, at which time the operation just described can be continued with another working barrel and liner.

In the operation of securing a liner within a working barrel or pipe the molten metal tends to fuse and adhere to the working barrel, and as the liner is cooled from the interior and heated by the molten lead upon its periphery these two opposite temperatures contract and shrink the working barrel upon the liner, the liner being maintained in a normal condition by the cold Water passing through the same. As the working barrel is cooled it contracts upon the liner, and, to-

poured between the liner and the working barrel, forms an air-tight and water-tight connection.

It will thus be seen that by my improved process I am enabled to irrnly secure a lining within a worki barrel, and when the lining has been worn y constant use the working barrel can be heated to melt the lead, thus permitting of the worn liner being removed and the working barrel fitted with another lining. In some instances a brass liner'will be employed, but in no wise do I care to con- .ine myself to the material used in connection with the liner.

From the foregoing description it will be observed that wor barrels and pipes can be expeditiously lined and that no mechanical means is used in connection with the working barrel to""retain the liner therein other than the apparatus above described.

Summarizing the various steps of the process, the invention in its broadest aspect consists of usingl a binding or adhering element between the liner and the article to be lined, the element being interposed between the liner and the article in the heated state, whereby by articially cooling the liner and the adhering element the article will shrink and contract upon the liner. g In this manner various metallic and vitreous inner coverings IOO IIO

crasse may be placed in working barrels or the like objects by subjecting the covering to a, presn sure caused by the contraction of the article, thus rmly uniting the two elements together with the binding or adhering substance.

barrel, heating the barrel, then artificially cooling the liner, then pouring a molten substance between the liner and the barrel, and allowing said substance and the barrel to cool whereby the contraction of the barrel and adhering element will cause said barrel to shrink upon the liner, substantially as described.

2. The method of linin aybarrel consisting of rst lacing a liner wit 'n the barrel,A heatin sai barrel, `pourin arnolten adhering su stance between said 'ner and said barrel, and artificially cooling said liner to cause said barrel to shrink upon said'liner, substantially as described.

3. The herein-described Aprocess of lining a barrel, consisting in interposing a molten adherin substance between said liner and said barre and artificially cooling said liner to cause said barrel to shrink thereon when the v barrel cbols, substantially as described.

Il. The herein-described process of lining a working barrel," consisting 1n subjecting said n barrel to a high degree of heat, artificially cooling the liner within said barrel, and then pouring a molten adhering substance between said barrel and said liner, to cause said barrel to contract upon said liner, substantially as described.

5. The method of uniting a liner to a working barrel, comprising the insertion of aheated adhering substance between said liner and said barrel, and artificially cooling said liner, substantially as described.

6. The method of unitinga liner and a pipe consistin in heating a pipe and simultaneously coo ing a liner arranged -within the pipe and thenpouring a molten adheringsubstance between said liner, and said pipe, and then vallowing the pipe to cool7 to cause said pipe to shrink upon said liner.

7. A method of uniting a liner and a pipe -uconsistingyin pouring a molten adhering substance between said liner and said pi e, and subjecting said substance to heated an cooled surfaces, to cause said barrel to' adhere to said liner, substantially as described.

In testimony Wli'ereor1 I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

NATHAN C. STONER.

Witnesses:

K. H. BUTLER,. WM. C. HErrz. 

